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Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) play a vital role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but the mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, we found that ADSCs isolated from CRC patients produced more cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61) than those from healthy donors, and the elevated serum Cyr61 levels were associated with advanced TNM stages. Moreover, serum Cyr61 displayed a better diagnostic value for CRC compared to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9). Mechanistically, integrin αV β5 was identified as the functional receptor by which Cyr61 promotes CRC cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo by activating the αV β5 /FAK/NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, Cyr61 promotes vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation, thereby promoting tumor growth and metastasis through a αV β5 /FAK/HIF-1α/STAT3/MMP2 signaling cascade. Histologically, xenografts and clinical samples of CRC both exhibited VM, which was correlated with HIF-1α and MMP2 activation. Notably, we demonstrated the synergistic effect of combined anti-VM therapy (integrin αV β5 inhibitor) and anti-VEGF therapy (bevacizumab) in patient-derived xenograft models. Further investigation showed that CRC cell-derived exosomal STAT3 promoted Cyr61 transcription in ADSCs. These findings indicate that Cyr61 derived from ADSCs plays a critical role in promoting CRC progression via integrin αV β5 and provides a novel antitumor strategy by targeting Cyr61/αV β5 .

The role of HLA compatibility in kidney, heart, and stem cell transplantation is well known, but with regard to living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), there is a different scenario. In the present study, we aim to examine the effects of donor-recipient HLA mismatches at A, B, and DR loci on various outcomes of LDLT-like graft survival, early allograft dysfunction (EAD), acute rejection, length of hospital (LOH) stay, sepsis, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation.

This is a retrospective single center study of a cohort of adult patients who underwent first time ABO-compatible (ABOc) LDLT between January 2010 and December 2018. Transplants with incomplete records or without HLA typing data were excluded. Donor-recipient HLA-A, B, and DR mismatches were assessed in the host versus graft (HVG) direction and were correlated with various post-transplant outcomes.

Among 140 transplants being evaluated, approximately two third had total HLA mismatches between 2 and 3. HLA mismatches at each locus as well as cumulative HLA mismatches did not show any association with overall graft survival, EAD, acute rejection episodes, and LOH stay. However, the presence of minimum one mismatch at HLA-A and DR loci was associated with the development of CMV reactivation (P=.03) and sepsis (P=.02) post-LDLT respectively.

HLA mismatch is not associated with acute rejection, early graft dysfunction, and overall survival in LDLT. Its impact on CMV reactivation and sepsis needs further evaluation.

HLA mismatch is not associated with acute rejection, early graft dysfunction, and overall survival in LDLT. Its impact on CMV reactivation and sepsis needs further evaluation.

To ascertain whether the prevalence of retinopathy has declined over the last 2 decades in individuals with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes and whether this might be explained by changes in lifetime HbA1c.

A multicentre, retrospective, observational study, comparing 128 subjects with diabetes onset in 2000-2003 assessed for retinopathy in 2016-2019, with a previous cohort of 115 individuals diagnosed in 1990-1993 and assessed for retinopathy in 2007-2009, was conducted. The two cohorts had both a similar diabetes duration and age at diagnosis. Retinal photographs were centrally graded. Lifetime HbA1c and its variability, estimated as the ratio between intrapersonal mean and standard deviation of HbA1c, were evaluated.

The prevalence of any retinopathy in the new and old cohort was 24.2% and 43.5% (P < .003), respectively, and that of severe retinopathy was 1.7% and 9.6% (P=.018). find more Lifetime HbA1c was lower in the new cohort (7.8% ± 0.8% vs. 8.1% ± 0.8%; P=.002) during all periods following the first 5 years after diagnosis. Patients without retinopathy in the two cohorts had similar levels of HbA1c. Compared with patients without retinopathy, those with retinopathy had higher lifetime HbA1c and long-term HbA1c variability. However, on multiple regression analysis, only lifetime HbA1c was independently associated with retinopathy (P=.0018).

The risk of developing retinopathy was nearly halved in children who developed type 1 diabetes in the new millennium compared with previous cohorts. These results confirm that maintaining the lowest possible levels of HbA1c throughout lifetime protects from diabetic retinopathy.

The risk of developing retinopathy was nearly halved in children who developed type 1 diabetes in the new millennium compared with previous cohorts. These results confirm that maintaining the lowest possible levels of HbA1c throughout lifetime protects from diabetic retinopathy.Human apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (hA3G), a member of the APOBEC family, was described as an anti-HIV-1 restriction factor, deaminating reverse transcripts of the HIV-1 genome. Several types of cancer cells that express high levels of A3G, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells and glioblastomas, show enhanced cell survival after ionizing radiation and chemotherapy treatments. Previously, we showed that hA3G promotes (DNA) double-strand breaks repair in cultured cells and rescues transgenic mice from a lethal dose of ionizing radiation. Here, we show that A3G rescues cells from the detrimental effects of DNA damage induced by ultraviolet irradiation and by combined bromodeoxyuridine and ultraviolet treatments. The combined treatments stimulate the synthesis of cellular proteins, which are exclusively associated with A3G expression. These proteins participate mainly in nucleotide excision repair and homologous recombination DNA repair pathways. Our results implicate A3G inhibition as a potential strategy for increasing tumor cell sensitivity to genotoxic treatments.