Activity

ts of this

study in broiler chickens, gamma-octalactone, isolated from

leaf extract and supplied at a dosage of 0.2 ml/kg live weight/day, led to an increase in the activity of blood plasma digestive enzymes, increased live weight, and had a positive effect on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status.

According to the results of this in vivo study in broiler chickens, gamma-octalactone, isolated from E. viminalis leaf extract and supplied at a dosage of 0.2 ml/kg live weight/day, led to an increase in the activity of blood plasma digestive enzymes, increased live weight, and had a positive effect on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status.

The aim of the study was to determine the potentials and effects of

and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotics on broiler growth, health, and

infection.

To evaluate the inoculum size applicable for broilers, 1-day-old broilers were orally fed fresh cultures of single strains and a

KKU213/

NP6 mixture at 10

and 10

colony-forming unit (CFUs)/mL/chick. The body weight gain (BWG),

contamination level and total

and LAB abundances in the crop and intestine were measured. Subsequently, 1-day-old broilers were orally fed of KKU213, CH403, and

SH8 at 10

CFUs/mL, followed by inulin. After 35 days, the BWG,

and LAB abundances in the cecum, blood parameters, and KKU213 colonization were assessed.

The broilers fed single strains or KKU213+NP6 exhibited a higher BWG and a higher crop LAB abundance than the controls (p<0.05). Probiotic feeding decreased the intestinal

abundance and correspondingly increased the LAB abundance. The broilers fed the mixed culture (KKU213+CH403+SH8) followed by prebiotics showed lower mortality, higher blood high-density lipoprotein levels, and lower blood uric acid levels than the controls (p<0.0004). Probiotic feeding significantly increased the

and LAB counts (p<0.05). A CE330 isolate obtained from the cecum after 35 days of KKU213 feeding was closely related to

KKU213.

KKU213 is a potent probiotic strain that can survive, colonize and reduce

infection in broilers and improve their growth and health. This strain, combined with different LAB can act synergistically in the gut and promote broiler growth.

B. subtilis KKU213 is a potent probiotic strain that can survive, colonize and reduce Salmonella infection in broilers and improve their growth and health. This strain, combined with different LAB can act synergistically in the gut and promote broiler growth.

Gentamicin (GM) is one of the most effective antibiotics for severe, life-threatening Gram-negative infections. Nevertheless, its clinical use has been restrained because of its nephrotoxic potential. Royal jelly (RJ) and aliskiren (ALK) can individually prevent such toxic effects. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of a combination treatment of RJ and ALK on GM-mediated nephrotoxicity.

Thirty-two adult female. Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups (I) Receiving normal saline; (II) GM (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.] injection); GM (100 mg/kg, i.p. injection) plus ALK (50 mg/kg, i.p. injection); and (IV) GM (100 mg/kg, i.p. injection) plus ALK (50 mg/kg, i.p. injection) in combination with RJ (150 mg/kg, orally). All treatments were administered daily for 10 days. The blood levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid, albumin, and total protein were measured. Then, the animals were sacrificed, and the kidneys were taken for histopathology.

Compared to normal control rats, GM-injected rats showed significantly (p<0.001) higher serum concentrations of uric acid, urea, and creatinine as well as evidently (p<0.001) lower blood levels of albumin and total protein. Moreover, GM administration was associated with significant renal histopathological changes. All these alterations were considerably (p<0.05) improved in GM-injected rats receiving ALK compared to rats receiving GM alone. However, when RJ was given in combination with ALK to GM-injected rats, it lessened the beneficial nephroprotective effects of both agents.

The combination treatment of RJ and ALK is not desirable for GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Further studies are crucial to accurately explore the precise mechanism of RJ antagonistic interaction with ALK.

The combination treatment of RJ and ALK is not desirable for GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Further studies are crucial to accurately explore the precise mechanism of RJ antagonistic interaction with ALK.

Various factors can reduce the quality of semen used for artificial insemination and have an impact on fertility decline, such as poor handling during frozen semen distribution. This study was aimed at assessing the quality of frozen-thawed semen after distribution in the field and its importance in maintaining fertility.

The Brahman Cross (BX) breeding program of PT Lembu Jantan Perkasa, Indonesia, was used. This program was preferred due to its adherence to guidelines that limit the effects of extraneous factors that may affect semen quality. Frozen-thawed semen samples from eight bulls with the same production code were analyzed and compared between the production site (artificial insemination [AI] center) and the field (BX breeding program). Total and progressive motility (PM) of sperm were determined using computer-assisted semen analysis. Plasma membrane integrity (PMI) was assessed using hypoosmotic swelling test, sperm viability using Eosin-Nigrosin staining, acrosome integrity using trypan blue-G sperm abnormalities (r=-0.996) and sperm DNA fragmentation (r=0.975) were negatively correlated (p<0.05) with fertility rate.

The study showed that to achieve the maximal and optimal fertility rate in bulls in an AI program, the overall quality of frozen-thawed semen in all aspects is critical. JAK assay This can be achieved if the handling during distribution and storage, as well as the various factors that may affect the quality of semen in the field, can be controlled properly.

The study showed that to achieve the maximal and optimal fertility rate in bulls in an AI program, the overall quality of frozen-thawed semen in all aspects is critical. This can be achieved if the handling during distribution and storage, as well as the various factors that may affect the quality of semen in the field, can be controlled properly.