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  • Terkelsen Allen posted an update 1 week, 2 days ago

    Bisphenol S (BPS) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical and the second most abundant bisphenol detected in humans.

    BPS exposure leads to reduced binucleate cell number in the ovine placenta. Binucleate cells form by cellular fusion, similar to the human placental syncytiotrophoblast layer. Given that human placental syncytialization can be stimulated through epidermal growth factor (EGF), we hypothesized that BPS would reduce human cytotrophoblast syncytialization through disruption of EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling.

    We tested whether BPS interferes EGFR signaling and disrupts human cytotrophoblast syncytialization.

    We first tested BPS competition for EGFR using an EGF/EGFR AlphaLISA assay. Using human primary term cytotrophoblast cells (hCTBs) and MDA-MD-231 cells, a breast cancer cell line with high EGFR expression, we evaluated EGFR downstream signaling and tested whether BPS could inhibit the EGF response by blocking EGFR activation. We also evaluated functional end points of EGFR signaling, includioblast proliferation and differentiation during placental development, this study suggests that exposures to BPS at environmentally relevant concentrations may result in placenta dysfunction, affecting fetal growth and development. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP7297.

    Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most frequently performed bariatric procedure in the world. Our purpose was to evaluate the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), resolution of obesity-related comorbidities after SG, and identify predictive factors of weight loss failure.

    A prospective cohort study of adults who underwent SG during 2014 in 7 Belgian-French centers. Their demographic, preoperative, and postoperative data were prospectively collected and analyzed statistically.

    Overall, 529 patients underwent SG, with a mean preoperative weight and body mass index

    BMI) of 118.9 ± 19.9kg and 42.9 ± 5.5kg/m

    , respectively. Body mass index significantly decreased to 32.2kg/m

    at 5years (

    < .001). The mean %EWL was 63.6% at 5years. A significant reduction in dyslipidemia (28.0%-18.2%), obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) (34.6%-25.1%), and arterial hypertension (HTN) (30.4%-21.5%) was observed after 5years, but not for diabetes and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). At multivariate analysis, age >50years old, BMI >50kg/m

    , and previous laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) remained independent predictors of weight loss failure.

    Five years after SG, weight loss was satisfactory; the reduction of comorbidities was significant for dyslipidemia, OSAS, and HTN, but not diabetes and GERD. Age >50 years old, BMI >50kg/m

    , and previous LAGB were independent predictors of weight loss failure.

    50 kg/m2, and previous LAGB were independent predictors of weight loss failure.Brain magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an imaging technique capable of accurately and non-invasively measuring the mechanical properties of the living human brain. Recent studies have shown that MRE has potential to provide clinically useful information in patients with intracranial tumors, demyelinating disease, neurodegenerative disease, elevated intracranial pressure, and altered functional states. The objectives of this review are (1) to give a general overview of the types of measurements that have been obtained with brain MRE in patient populations, (2) to survey the tools currently being used to make these measurements possible, and (3) to highlight brain MRE-based quantitative biomarkers that have the highest potential of being adopted into clinical use within the next 5 to 10 years. The specifics of MRE methodology strategies are described, from wave generation to material parameter estimations. The potential clinical role of MRE for characterizing and planning surgical resection of intracranial tumors and assessing diffuse changes in brain stiffness resulting from diffuse neurological diseases and altered intracranial pressure are described. In addition, the emerging technique of functional MRE, the role of artificial intelligence in MRE, and promising applications of MRE in general neuroscience research are presented.

    The data on resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) use continue to grow with its increasing use in trauma centers. The data in her last 5years have not been systematically reviewed. We aim to assess current literature related to REBOA use and outcomes among civilian trauma populations.

    A literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and JAMA Network for studies regarding REBOA usage in civilian trauma from 2016 to 2020 is carried out. This review followed preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines.

    Our search yielded 35 studies for inclusion in our systematic review, involving 4073 patients. The most common indication for REBOA was patient presentation in hemorrhagic shock secondary to traumatic injury. REBOA was associated with significant systolic blood pressure improvement. GW3965 Of 4 studies comparing REBOA to non-REBOA controls, 2 found significant mortality benefit with REBOA. Significant mortality improvement with REBOA compared to open aortic occlusion was seen in 4 studies. In the few studies investigating zone placement, highest survival rate was seen in patients undergoing zone 3. Overall, reports of complications directly related to overall REBOA use were relatively low.

    REBOA has been shown to be effective in promoting hemodynamic stability in civilian trauma. Mortality data on REBOA use are conflicting, but most studies investigating REBOA vs. open occlusion methods suggest a significant survival advantage. Recent data on the REBOA technique (zone placement and partial REBOA) are sparse and currently insufficient to determine advantage with any particular variation. Overall, larger prospective civilian trauma studies are needed to better understand the benefits of REBOA in high-mortality civilian trauma populations.

    Systematic Review.

    III- Therapeutic.

    III- Therapeutic.Background Temporary diverting enterostomy might be the initial step while treating gastrointestinal disorders in infants. According to the level of the stoma, calorie, fluid, and electrolyte imbalance might occur. Totally parenteral nutrition (TPN), parenteral fluid, and electrolyte balancing are the choice of support. Owing to limitations of both, distal refeeding (DR) has been suggested as an alternative. However, in English literature, there is no recommended technique for how DR should apply. This article is aimed at evaluating our innovative DR approach, which was not reported earlier. Materials and Methods Between 2015 and 2019, patients on whom DR was performed by a cuffed silicon-based tunneled catheter were obtained. Results A total of 8 patients aged between 1 day and 7.5 years were included. Dislocation of the catheter and skin erosion were the minor complications that were observed. None of them necessitated TPN and vascular access. Moreover, patients could be discharged and were fully fed orally by their guardian at home, and any problem was observed during survival.

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