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7, P < .0001). Scores for QOL ranged from 0 to 31 out of 40, with higher scores indicating worse QOL. Owner surveys resulted in QOL scores of ≤3 in 25/31 dogs (81%), with worse scores in dogs that had surgery performed (median 5, vs 0; P=.003). No correlation was noted between NTUAS and QOL scores, but age at follow-up was weakly associated with worse QOL.

Despite variable severity of NTUAS scores, owners reported excellent QOL for most Norwich terriers examined.

Despite variable severity of NTUAS scores, owners reported excellent QOL for most Norwich terriers examined.

Endothelial dysfunction might contribute to the development of leptospiral pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (LPHS).

Serum concentrations of markers of endothelial activation and dysfunction are higher in dogs with leptospirosis and correlate with the occurrence of LPHS and a higher case fatality rate.

Clinically healthy dogs (n=31; 10/31 dogs confirmed healthy based on no detected abnormalities on blood work), dogs with leptospirosis with LPHS (n=17) and without LPHS (n=15), dogs with acute kidney injury not due to leptospirosis (AKI-nL, n=34).

Observational study. Serum concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) at admission were compared between groups. Correlations with outcome and the accuracy to predict LPHS were examined.

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), VEGF, and Ang-2 concentrations were higher in dogs with AKI-nL (sICAM-1 34.7ng/mL, interquartile range [IQR]=24.4-75.5; VEGF 43.1pg/mL, IQR=12.3-79.2; Ang-2 8.5ng/mL, IQR=6.2-12.3), leptospirosis without LPHS (sICAM-1 45.1ng/mL, IQR=30.6-59.0; VEGF 32.4pg/mL, IQR=12.5-62.6; Ang-2 9.6ng/mL, IQR=6.9-19.3), and LPHS (sICAM-1 69.7ng/mL, IQR=42.1-89.1; VEGF 51.8pg/mL, IQR=26.3-96.7; Ang-2 8.0ng/mL, IQR=5.6-12.2) compared to controls (P < .001). In dogs with leptospirosis, VEGF and sICAM-1 were higher in nonsurvivors (sICAM-1 89.4ng/mL, IQR=76.5-101.0; VEGF 117.0pg/mL, IQR=90.3-232.4) than survivors (P=.004) and sICAM-1 predicted the development of LPHS.

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, VEGF, and Ang-2 do not discriminate leptospirosis from AKI-nL. In dogs with leptospirosis, sICAM-1 and VEGF predict outcome and sICAM-1 might identify dogs at risk for LPHS.

Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, VEGF, and Ang-2 do not discriminate leptospirosis from AKI-nL. In dogs with leptospirosis, sICAM-1 and VEGF predict outcome and sICAM-1 might identify dogs at risk for LPHS.When amino acids vary during evolution, the outcome can be functionally neutral or biologically-important. We previously found that substituting a subset of nonconserved positions, “rheostat” positions, can have surprising effects on protein function. Since changes at rheostat positions can facilitate functional evolution or cause disease, more examples are needed to understand their unique biophysical characteristics. Here, we explored whether “phylogenetic” patterns of change in multiple sequence alignments (such as positions with subfamily specific conservation) predict the locations of functional rheostat positions. To that end, we experimentally tested eight phylogenetic positions in human liver pyruvate kinase (hLPYK), using 10-15 substitutions per position and biochemical assays that yielded five functional parameters. Five positions were strongly rheostatic and three were non-neutral. To test the corollary that positions with low phylogenetic scores were not rheostat positions, we combined these phylogenetic positions with previously-identified hLPYK rheostat, “toggle” (most substitution abolished function), and “neutral” (all substitutions were like wild-type) positions. Despite representing 428 variants, this set of 33 positions was poorly statistically powered. Thus, we turned to the in vivo phenotypic dataset for E. coli lactose repressor protein (LacI), which comprised 12-13 substitutions at 329 positions and could be used to identify rheostat, toggle, and neutral positions. Rapamycin mw Combined hLPYK and LacI results show that positions with strong phylogenetic patterns of change are more likely to exhibit rheostat substitution outcomes than neutral or toggle outcomes. Furthermore, phylogenetic patterns were more successful at identifying rheostat positions than were co-evolutionary or eigenvector centrality measures of evolutionary change.Hydrogen is the key element to accomplish a carbon-free based economy. Here, the first evidence of plasmonic gallium (Ga) nanoantennas is provided as nanoreactors supported on sapphire (α-Al2 O3 ) acting as direct plasmon-enhanced photocatalyst for hydrogen sensing, storage, and spillover. The role of plasmon-catalyzed electron transfer between hydrogen and plasmonic Ga nanoparticle in the activation of those processes is highlighted, as opposed to conventional refractive index-change-based sensing. This study reveals that, while temperature selectively operates those various processes, longitudinal (LO-LSPR) and transverse (TO-LSPR) localized surface plasmon resonances of supported Ga nanoparticles open selectivity of localized reaction pathways at specific sites corresponding to the electromagnetic hot-spots. Specifically, the TO-LSPR couples light into the surface dissociative adsorption of hydrogen and formation of hydrides, whereas the LO-LSPR activates heterogeneous reactions at the interface with the support, that is, hydrogen spillover into α-Al2 O3 and reverse-oxygen spillover from α-Al2 O3. This Ga-based plasmon-catalytic platform expands the application of supported plasmon-catalysis to hydrogen technologies, including reversible fast hydrogen sensing in a timescale of a few seconds with a limit of detection as low as 5 ppm and in a broad temperature range from room-temperature up to 600 °C while remaining stable and reusable over an extended period of time.Hospitals are paying increasing attention to the delivery of humanized care. The purpose of this study was to explore from the nursing perspective what hospital managers might do to facilitate this. A secondary analysis from a primary ethnographic study regarding dignity in nursing practice was conducted. Twenty interviews of internal medicine nurses from four hospitals were analyzed, and three main themes were identified Management of nursing teams, Management of ethical values, and Management of the context. It is important for institutional values to be closely aligned with those of the nursing profession, and nurse managers play a key role in ensuring that the latter are applied in practice. The proposed actions offer a cost-effective framework through which nurses and managers may promote the delivery of humanized care.