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Early-onset carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a well-known manifestation of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) due to excessive deposition of glycosaminoglycans in soft tissues. Standard treatment has been carpal tunnel release surgery, with the conventional technique of dividing the transverse carpal ligament. With advancement of treatments for MPS, these patients now have a longer life expectancy and are presenting with recurrent CTS. Management of recurrent CTS in these patients is not well studied. Here, we report 2 cases of recurrent CTS in MPS patients after a carpal tunnel release operation. We describe the findings on repeat operations and propose a unique technique for treating CTS in MPS patients to minimize recurrence during the initial CTS surgery. Our method involves resection of a portion of the transverse carpal ligament and use of a hypothenar fat pad flap over the median nerve.Breast-implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is associated with prolonged exposure to textured implants. Current studies describing textured implant use are limited to single center/surgeon experiences. Using the Tracking Operations and Outcomes for Plastic Surgeons database, the study aims to characterize national trends in rates of smooth versus textured implant utilization. The hypothesis is that rates of textured implant use have decreased in the most recent time period.

Tracking Operations and Outcomes for Plastic Surgeons was queried from 2007 to 2019 for CPT codes involving breast implant use in augmentation and reconstruction. The rate of smooth and textured implant utilization was calculated for each year per procedure type. Generalized additive models with a smoothing function and Pearson chi-square tests were used to assess the trends.

Textured implant use peaked in 2016, being utilized in 17.83% of cosmetic and 40.88% of reconstructive procedures. Textured implants were more commonly used for reconstructive compared with cosmetic cases for 2007-2009, 2011, and 2013-2019 (

< 0.02). Both cosmetic and reconstructive cases had nonlinear trends in textured implant use over the study period, with textured rates decreasing from 2017 to 2019 (

< 0.001). In 2019, textured implants were used in 2.15% of cosmetic and 7.58% of reconstructive cases.

This is the first national study describing trends in textured versus smooth breast implant use in the United States. Textured implant utilization peaked in 2016. Based on a median time horizon of 10 years before development of BIA-ALCL, the peak number of cases can be anticipated in 2026 or thereafter.

This is the first national study describing trends in textured versus smooth breast implant use in the United States. see more Textured implant utilization peaked in 2016. Based on a median time horizon of 10 years before development of BIA-ALCL, the peak number of cases can be anticipated in 2026 or thereafter.The purpose of this study was to evaluate participants from the in-person Penn Flap Course (PFC) and virtual PFC to determine if the virtual PFC increased diversity in culture, sex, education, and surgical specialties internationally and within the United States. Our hypothesis is that the virtual PFC increases diversity internationally and within the United States.

A retrospective descriptive comparison was performed between participants from the in-person PFC from the years 2017 to 2019 and virtual PFC in 2020. Frequency maps were generated to determine differences in participation of cultures, sexes, education, and specialties internationally and within the United States. Net Promoter Scores (NPSs) were used to assess participant satisfaction with the virtual course.

The in-person PFC included 124 participants from the years 2017 to 2019, whereas the virtual PFC included 770 participants in the year 2020. Compared to the in-person course, the virtual course included more cultures (countries 60 versus 11; states 35 versus 22), women (countries 38 versus 7; states 23 versus 9), students/researchers (countries 24 versus 0; states 9 versus 0), residents (countries 44 versus 5; states 26 versus 15), fellows (countries 21 versus 2; states 21 versus 9), attendings (countries 34 versus 8; states 16 versus 11), plastic surgery (countries 54 versus 9; states 31 versus 18), orthopedic surgery (countries 12 versus 5; states 11 versus 9), and other specialties (countries 19 versus 1; states 8 versus 2). Our overall NPS for the virtual PFC totaled 75%, categorized as “world class” based on global NPS.

A virtual interface for a flap course increased participation and diversity of culture, sex, education, and specialties internationally and within the United States with “world class” participant satisfaction.

A virtual interface for a flap course increased participation and diversity of culture, sex, education, and specialties internationally and within the United States with “world class” participant satisfaction.Chronic facial paralysis can lead to significant functional and psychosocial impairment. Treatment often involves free muscle flap-based facial reanimation surgery. Although surgical techniques have advanced considerably over the years, consensus has yet to be reached for postoperative outcome evaluation. To facilitate outcome comparison between the various techniques for free muscle-flap-based reanimation, a standardized, widely accepted functional outcomes assessment tool must be adopted.

In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we performed a systematic review of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases to identify the reported functional outcome measurement tools used in the free muscle flap-based reanimation literature.

The search yielded 219 articles, 43 of which met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. We noted an increase in publications reporting the utilization of objective measures over time, particularly software-based tools, as well as increased utilization of patient reported outcomes measures.

Based on the trends identified in the literature, we suggest standardization of outcome measures following facial reanimation surgery with free muscle-flap using a combination of the Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation (FACEgram) software and the Facial Clinimetric Evaluation (FaCE) Scale.

Based on the trends identified in the literature, we suggest standardization of outcome measures following facial reanimation surgery with free muscle-flap using a combination of the Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation (FACEgram) software and the Facial Clinimetric Evaluation (FaCE) Scale.