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Discs with outer annular fissures were classified in MRI with very high precision (mean of 10 repeated testings 99%) and accuracy (mean 97%) using machine-learning modelling, but the pain model only demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy (mean accuracy 69%; precision 71%).

The present study showed that machine-learning modelling based on MRI can classify outer annular fissures with very high diagnostic accuracy and, hence, enable individualized diagnostics. However, the model only demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy regarding pain that could be assigned to either a non-sufficient model or the used pain reference.

The present study showed that machine-learning modelling based on MRI can classify outer annular fissures with very high diagnostic accuracy and, hence, enable individualized diagnostics. However, the model only demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy regarding pain that could be assigned to either a non-sufficient model or the used pain reference.

Otitis media with effusion (OME), recurrent acute otitis media and conductive hearing loss (CHL) are significantly prevalent in children with cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip and palate (CLP). Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) appears to have a positive effect also on middle ear disorders in these patients. The study aims to offer a prospective evaluation of RME effects in a group of patients with CP/CLP in terms of OME, CHL.

A prospective observational study was conducted. Thirty-four CP, CLP and submucosa cleft patients who received orthodontic indication to RME treatment for OME or conductive hearing loss in a tertiary institutional Care Unit of San Paolo Hospital, Milan (IT), were included. Twenty-two patients matched for age and with analogous inclusion criteria except for indication to RME treatment were enrolled in the control group. this website Clinical otolaryngological evaluation, pure tone audiometry and tympanogram were performed at the beginning of treatment (T0), at the end of the expansion (T1) and at 6-month follow-up (T2).

Air-bone gaps and tympanogram results at each time interval.

In the main group, RME allowed a statistically significant improvement of air-bone gaps (according to frequency, p < 0.001-0.089 T0 vs. T1 and < 0.001-0.044 T0 vs. T2, Friedman’s test) and tympanometry results (p = 0.002 T0 vs. T1 and p < 0.001 T0 vs. T2, Friedman’s test). Improvements were stable during follow-up and were significantly better in the main group than in the control group.

CHL and middle ear effusion improved significantly overtime during RME and after 6months of follow-up.

CHL and middle ear effusion improved significantly overtime during RME and after 6 months of follow-up.

Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy (EAAL) is a reliable surgical solution for the minimally invasive treatment of bilateral vocal fold palsy (BVFP), providing a stable airway by the lateralization of the arytenoid cartilages with a simple suture. The nondestructive manner of the intervention theoretically leads to higher regeneration potential, thus better voice quality. The study aimed to investigate the respiratory and phonatory outcomes of this treatment concept.

61 BVFP patients with significant dyspnea associated with thyroid/parathyroid surgery were treated by unilateral EAAL. Jitter, Shimmer, Harmonics to Noise Ratio, Maximum Phonation Time, Fundamental frequency, Voice Handicap Index, Dysphonia Severity Index, Friedrich’s Dysphonia Index, Global-Roughness-Breathiness scale, Quality of Life, and Peak Inspiratory Flow were evaluated 18months after EAAL.

All patients had a stable and adequate airway during the follow-up. Ten patients (16.4%) experienced complete bilateral motion recovery witlsy. Further, a socially acceptable voice quality and an adequate airway are ensured even in cases of permanent bilateral vocal fold paralysis.

Running is among the most popular recreational activities; nonetheless, the acute post-race changes of cartilage or meniscus have rarely been determined. The current study aimed to review the acute changes in knee cartilage and meniscus among habituate runners following long-distance running detected by using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Systematic literature search was performed on those dominate clinical databases which including MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Included studies should be conducted on healthy marathon runners, and the participants should be examined before and after running by using MRI. Intervention studies were excluded.

A total number of 14 studies were finally included in this review which all examined the cartilage or meniscus by using MRI functional sequences. Among them, six studies quantitatively measured the changes regarding volume of the knee cartilage or/and meniscus. Five studies found that the volume would decrease initially after running. Ten studies reported T2 (T2*) would decrease after running and returned to the baseline in a short term, while T1ρ may remain increased in months. Five studies measured subareas for T2 (T2*) value, and found that the superficial and medial subarea changed more vastly than other regions after running.

Runners experience transient changes in the volume and signals of knee cartilage and meniscus after long-distance running. A liquid exchange and material interaction in cartilage and meniscus was observed after running. Superficial and medial areas of knee cartilage and meniscus might be more susceptible to mechanical loading.

Runners experience transient changes in the volume and signals of knee cartilage and meniscus after long-distance running. A liquid exchange and material interaction in cartilage and meniscus was observed after running. Superficial and medial areas of knee cartilage and meniscus might be more susceptible to mechanical loading.

To investigate the feasibility of compressed sensing MRI (CS-MRI) in the application of 2D spinal imaging and compare its performance with conventional MR imaging (non-CS-MRI).

The CS imaging protocol was optimized on 5 volunteers. Non-CS-MRI and CS-MRI of 2D sagittal T1 weighted imaging (WI), Sag T2WI, and axial T2WI were performed for 71 patients (22 cervical, 8 thoracic, 41 lumbar MRI). Paired t tests were conducted to compare the total scan time. Three radiologists assessed image quality and lesion diagnosis independently. A Kendall W test was performed to assess interobserver agreement of the image quality scores and lesion diagnosis between readers. A nonparametric test (Wilcoxon test) was performed to compare the image quality. For lesion diagnosis, the interobserver and interstudy agreements were evaluated by kappa analysis. Paired t tests were conducted for SNR and CNR comparison.

The mean scan time for spine CS-MRI (4min 28.7s ± 34.6s) was significantly shorter than that with non-CS-MRI (7min 21.3s ± 38.7s, t =  - 47.464, P < 0.0001). CS-MRI achieved higher SNR and CNR than Non-CS-MRI in image quality assessment. Interobserver agreements of lesion diagnosis were excellent between non-CS-MRI and CS-MRI (kappa value from 0.913 to 1.000, P < 0.001). Interstudy agreements of lesion assessments were also excellent (kappa value = 1.000, with P < 0.001).

CS-MRI spine imaging can significantly reduce the scan time, while maintaining comparable imaging quality to non-CS-MRI.

CS-MRI spine imaging can significantly reduce the scan time, while maintaining comparable imaging quality to non-CS-MRI.

Endogenous U6 promoters increase CRISPR/Cas9 editing efficiency in sorghum and may be useful for gene editing applications in other cereals.

Endogenous U6 promoters increase CRISPR/Cas9 editing efficiency in sorghum and may be useful for gene editing applications in other cereals.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the liver in pediatric Fontan patients often shows peripheral reticular areas of hypoenhancement, which has not been studied in detail.

To semiquantitatively score the hepatic MR perfusion abnormality seen in pediatric Fontan patients, and to correlate the perfusion abnormality with functional clinical and hemodynamic parameters.

All children (< 18years old) after Fontan palliation with combined clinical cardiac and liver MRI performed between May 2017 and April 2019 were considered for inclusion. A semiquantitative perfusion score was used to assess the severity of the hepatic reticular pattern seen on dynamic contrast-enhanced liver imaging. The liver was divided into four sections right posterior, right anterior, left medial and left lateral. Each liver section was assigned a score from 0 to 4 depending on the amount of abnormal reticular hypoenhancement. Scoring was assigned for each section of the liver across eight successive dynamicity of the liver perfusion abnormality.

All Fontan children have hepatic reticular hypoenhancement abnormalities seen with MRI that are most severe in the right hepatic lobe and universally show gradual resolution through the hepatic venous phase. Perfusion abnormality in the left hepatic lobe is worse in children with portal hypertension.

All Fontan children have hepatic reticular hypoenhancement abnormalities seen with MRI that are most severe in the right hepatic lobe and universally show gradual resolution through the hepatic venous phase. Perfusion abnormality in the left hepatic lobe is worse in children with portal hypertension.Hypophosphatasia is a rare genetic disorder of calcium and phosphate metabolism due to ALPL gene mutations, which leads to abnormal mineralization of the bones and teeth. Hypophosphatasia is characterized by low serum alkaline phosphatase activity and a number of clinical signs, including failure to thrive, bone pain and dental issues. The diagnosis is suspected based on clinical, laboratory and imaging findings and confirmed by genetic testing. Diagnosis in children is often delayed due to a lack of disease awareness, despite specific imaging findings that are a cornerstone of the diagnosis. The recent approval of enzyme replacement therapy (bone-targeted recombinant tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase) has given imaging an important role in monitoring treatment efficacy. The aim of this pictorial essay is to review the imaging features of hypophosphatasia at diagnosis and during follow-up, including whole-body magnetic resonance imaging patterns.

In this study medical students of the generationsY andZ at the Georg-August University Göttingen were asked about their preferences in the workplace and the choice of an employer.

In 2016, the survey was sent to 2637 students at the University Medical Center Göttingen using an online questionnaire via EvaSys and was answered by 742 (response rate 28.1%).

Regardless of the generation, with 89.5% the respondents felt predominantly “well” and “not so well” prepared for the transition from university to professional life. The most common fears were alot of work/little free time, lack of time in patient care, lack of experience, stress, excessive technical demands and poor familiarization. In both groups almost 60% obtained information about future employers via the hospital’s website. It was important for the students to have aparticularly good education and astructured induction/advanced training curriculum.

The further development of astructured induction concept for young professionals, abinding and structured further training curriculum, the establishment or further development of amentoring program, the further development of leadership skills and the design of an appealing and updated website are essential prerequisites for future success in the highly competitive skilled labor market.